ap.Aarav PatelMy email

Making the
numbers connect.

Hands-on Excel projects exploring how portfolios balance risk and return, along with how financial models work.

01 / PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS.XLSX

The art of
finding balance.

RISK →RETURN →ILLUSTRATIVE VISUALIZATION · NOT MODEL OUTPUT

Two-asset efficient frontier

A two-asset portfolio study using SPY and VXUS historical prices to explore diversification, risk-adjusted returns, and how changing portfolio weights shifts risk and return.

  • Daily return calculations and summary statistics
  • Covariance and portfolio standard deviation
  • Alternative portfolio weights, including short positions, with Sharpe ratios
  • Optimal portfolio selection and capital allocation line
Workbook walkthrough

The workbook organizes about a year of historical prices, daily returns, summary statistics, portfolio weights, portfolio statistics, and the capital allocation line in one worksheet. Formulas connect allocation assumptions to return, volatility, and Sharpe ratio calculations.

Includes short and leveraged allocation scenarios. This is an educational model, not a recommended allocation or a backtested investment product.

Download workbook EXCEL WORKBOOK · 41 KB · ORIGINAL FILE
02 / MULTI-ASSET OPTIMIZATION.XLSX

Diversify
with intention.

FIVE-ETF MARKOWITZ FRAMEWORK

Multi-asset portfolio optimization

A Markowitz portfolio study across five ETFs (SPY, BND, GLD, QQQ, and VTI), using about ten years of daily prices to find an allocation that balances expected return against risk.

  • Annualized return and standard deviation from daily log returns
  • Covariance matrix across all five securities
  • Minimum and maximum weight constraints
  • Portfolio expected return, standard deviation, and Sharpe ratio
Workbook walkthrough

Multiple Asset worksheet

Summarizes each security's annualized return and risk, then applies weight limits and an optimal weight allocation. Portfolio risk is calculated with matrix multiplication of the weights and the covariance matrix, and the Sharpe ratio uses a stated risk-free rate.

Stock Price Data worksheet

Holds roughly 2,500 days of historical prices and the daily log returns that feed the analysis. This is an educational model using past data, not a recommended allocation.

Download workbook EXCEL WORKBOOK · 452 KB · ORIGINAL FILE
03 / SIMULATION.XLSX

Planning for
uncertainty.

TIME →VALUE →ILLUSTRATIVE VISUALIZATION · NOT MODEL OUTPUT

Monte Carlo investment simulation

A long-term investing simulation that uses randomized annual returns to show the wide range of outcomes a steady contribution plan could produce, rather than a single projected number.

  • Adjustable contribution, mean return, volatility, and time horizon
  • Random annual returns drawn from a normal distribution
  • Year-by-year compounding with annual contributions
  • 10,000 simulated outcomes with median, mean, and percentile results
Workbook walkthrough

The inputs are set to $6,000 in annual contributions, a 7% mean return, a 15% standard deviation, and a 40-year horizon. Each year's return is randomly generated, added to the running balance, and compounded to a year-end value.

An Excel data table repeats the 40-year run 10,000 times, then summarizes the results with the median, mean, standard deviation, and the 5th, 25th, 75th, and 95th percentiles. Because the model uses random numbers, results change each time the workbook recalculates. The inputs are illustrative assumptions, not a forecast.

Download workbook EXCEL WORKBOOK · 273 KB · ORIGINAL FILE
04 / BUSINESS VALUATION.XLSX

Value starts
with why.

DCF + COMPARABLE COMPANIES FRAMEWORK

Valuations from scratch

A fundamentals-first valuation workbook, connecting operating assumptions to enterprise value and implied share price, alongside a comparable company analysis framework.

  • Free cash flow build and cost of capital calculation
  • Ten-year cash flow forecast structure
  • Perpetuity growth and exit multiple terminal values
  • Enterprise-to-equity bridge and per-share valuation
Workbook walkthrough

DCF worksheet

Builds from EBIT, taxes, depreciation and amortization, capital expenditure, and working capital to free cash flow. It includes a WACC calculation, forecast structure, terminal value methods, and an equity value bridge.

Comps worksheet

A comparable company analysis template with a Leidos Holdings example and structures for EV/revenue, EV/EBITDA, P/E, and implied valuation. The peer set is not fully populated; this is a learning workbook, not a finished investment valuation.

Download workbook EXCEL WORKBOOK · 15 KB · ORIGINAL FILE

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